{"id":1059,"date":"2023-12-27T14:45:44","date_gmt":"2023-12-27T06:45:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.battery-material.com\/?p=1059"},"modified":"2023-12-27T14:50:44","modified_gmt":"2023-12-27T06:50:44","slug":"recycling-and-reuse-of-graphite-negative-electrodes-in-lithium-ion-batteries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.battery-material.com\/de\/recycling-and-reuse-of-graphite-negative-electrodes-in-lithium-ion-batteries\/","title":{"rendered":"Eigenschaften des negativen Elektrodenmaterials Hartkohlenstoff und seine Herstellung"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Harter Kohlenstoff bezieht sich auf schwer graphitisierbaren Kohlenstoff, eine Art Pyrolysekohlenstoff, der durch Pyrolyse hochmolekularer Polymere, petrochemischer Produkte, Biomasse usw. gewonnen wird. Aufgrund des Vorhandenseins einer gro\u00dfen Anzahl von H, O, N und anderen Heteroatomen im Vorl\u00e4ufer , wird die Bildung kristalliner Bereiche w\u00e4hrend der W\u00e4rmebehandlung behindert, was die Graphitisierung bei hohen Temperaturen \u00fcber 2500 \u00b0C erschwert.<\/p>

Entsprechend den unterschiedlichen pyrolytischen Karbonisierungstemperaturen k\u00f6nnen Hartkohlenstoffmaterialien in Hochtemperatur-Pyrolysekohlenstoff zwischen 1000\u20131400 \u00b0C und Niedertemperatur-Pyrolysekohlenstoff zwischen 500\u20131000 \u00b0C unterteilt werden. Je nach Kohlenstoffquelle kann er in Harzkohlenstoff (wie Phenolharz, Epoxidharz, Polyfurfurylalkoholharz usw.), organischen Polymerkohlenstoff (wie PVA, PVC, PVDF, PAN usw.) und Ru\u00df unterteilt werden (durch CVD-Verfahren hergestelltes Acetylenru\u00df) usw.), Biomassekohlenstoff (wie Pflanzenreste und Schalen usw.) usw.<\/p>

Hartkohlenstoff beg\u00fcnstigt die Einf\u00fcgung von Lithium, ohne eine nennenswerte Ausdehnung der Struktur zu verursachen, und weist eine gute Lade- und Entladezyklusleistung auf. Harter Kohlenstoff, der als Anode f\u00fcr Lithium-Ionen-Batterien verwendet wird, wird haupts\u00e4chlich aus Vorl\u00e4ufern wie Pech, Biomasse und Harz hergestellt.<\/p>

Zu den Vorl\u00e4ufern f\u00fcr die Herstellung von Hartkohlenstoff geh\u00f6ren Asphalt, Biomasse, Zucker, Phenolharz, organische Polymere usw. Hartkohlenstoffmaterialien, die aus verschiedenen Substanzen hergestellt werden, zeigen \u00e4hnliche Lade- und Entladekurven.<\/p>

\u2460 Herstellung von Hartkohlenstoff aus Pech<\/p>

Pechbasierter Vorl\u00e4ufer ist aufgrund seines hohen Kohlenstoffr\u00fcckstandsanteils, der breiten Rohstoffquelle und des niedrigen Preises ein besserer Vorl\u00e4ufer f\u00fcr die Herstellung von Hartkohlenstoff. Die Herstellung von Hartkohlenstoff aus Pech erfordert jedoch eine Vorbehandlung, da Pech dazu neigt, w\u00e4hrend des Karbonisierungsprozesses zu graphitieren und eine graphit\u00e4hnliche Struktur zu bilden. Bei der Asphaltvorbehandlung wird \u00fcblicherweise ein Vernetzungsmittel verwendet, um den Asphalt zu vernetzen, seine Mikrostruktur zu ver\u00e4ndern, das Wachstum von Graphitkristallen w\u00e4hrend des Pyrolyse-Karbonisierungsprozesses zu verhindern und einen Festphasen-Karbonisierungsprozess durchzuf\u00fchren, um harte Kohlenstoffmaterialien zu erhalten; Eine andere Methode zur Herstellung von Asphalt ist die Voroxidationsmethode, bei der Oxidationsmittel zum Voroxidieren des Asphalts verwendet werden, um voroxidierten Asphalt mit einem bestimmten Sauerstoffgehalt zu erhalten. Aufgrund der Anwesenheit von Sauerstoffheteroatomen ist es f\u00fcr Pech schwierig, w\u00e4hrend des Pyrolyse- und Karbonisierungsprozesses eine geordnete Struktur zu bilden, was zu einem harten Kohlenstoffmaterial mit einer relativ chaotischen Mikrostruktur f\u00fchrt.<\/p>

\u2461 Herstellung von Hartkohlenstoff aus Biomasse<\/p>

Biomasse hat eine breite Palette an Quellen, ist gr\u00fcn und umweltfreundlich und verf\u00fcgt \u00fcber reiche Heteroatome und eine einzigartige Mikrostruktur, die als Vorl\u00e4ufer f\u00fcr die Herstellung von Hartkohlenstoff verwendet werden kann. Einige Forscher haben Grapefruitschalen als Kohlenstoffquelle zur Herstellung harter Kohlenstoffmaterialien verwendet. Ihre Forschung geht davon aus, dass die hervorragende Lithiumeinlagerungsleistung der vorbereiteten Probe eng mit der einzigartigen Porenstruktur des Materials zusammenh\u00e4ngt. Diese Struktur tr\u00e4gt dazu bei, dass das Material den Elektrolyten vollst\u00e4ndig kontaktiert, wodurch Kan\u00e4le und mehr Lithium-Einf\u00fcgungsstellen f\u00fcr den Li+-Transport innerhalb des Materials bereitgestellt werden.<\/p>

\u2462 Herstellung von Hartkohlenstoff aus organischen Polymeren<\/p>

Im Vergleich zu Biomasse ist die molekulare Struktur organischer Polymere relativ einfach und kontrollierbar. Die entsprechende Molek\u00fclstruktur kann nach Bedarf gestaltet werden. Es ist ein hervorragender Vorl\u00e4ufer f\u00fcr die Herstellung von Hartkohlenstoff. Einige Forscher verwendeten Phenolharz als Kohlenstoffvorl\u00e4ufer und erhielten durch Pyrolyse und Karbonisierung harte Kohlenstoffmaterialien auf Harzbasis und verwendeten sie als negative Elektrodenmaterialien f\u00fcr Lithium-Ionen-Batterien und Elektrodenmaterialien f\u00fcr Superkondensatoren. Die Kapazit\u00e4t des Lithium-Ionen-Akkus kann 526 mAh\u00b7g-1 erreichen. Der erste Coulomb-Wirkungsgrad kann 80% erreichen.<\/p>

Das Obige ist eine Einf\u00fchrung in die Eigenschaften von Hartkohlenstoff und seiner Herstellung. Hartkohlenstoff weist eine gro\u00dfe Anzahl mikropor\u00f6ser Strukturen und eine Schichtstruktur mit einem gr\u00f6\u00dferen Zwischenschichtabstand als Graphit auf, was eine schnelle Deinterkalation von Lithiumionen erm\u00f6glicht und eine hervorragende Geschwindigkeitsleistung aufweist. Einige Hartkohlenstoffmaterialien weisen eine h\u00f6here Lithiumspeicherleistung auf als herk\u00f6mmliche Graphitanodenmaterialien. Daher gilt Hartkohlenstoff auch als vielversprechendes Anodenmaterial. Ich glaube, dass mit der Weiterentwicklung der Technologie und intensiver Forschung auch die Anwendung harter Kohlenstoffmaterialien in Anoden von Lithiumbatterien eine eigene Welt entwickeln wird.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Unter Hartkohlenstoff versteht man schwer graphitisierbaren Kohlenstoff, also eine Art pyrolytischen Kohlenstoff, der durch Pyrolyse von hochmolekularen Polymeren, petrochemischen Produkten, Biomasse usw. gewonnen wird. Aufgrund der Anwesenheit einer gro\u00dfen Anzahl von H, O, N und anderen Heteroatomen im Vorl\u00e4ufer wird die Bildung kristalliner Bereiche w\u00e4hrend der W\u00e4rmebehandlung behindert, was es schwierig macht, [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1062,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1059","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-graphite-anode-material-processing"],"yoast_head":"\nCharacteristics of negative electrode material hard carbon and its preparation - 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